Four more county sheriffs in Wisconsin have agreed to cooperate with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in recent months. This development has raised concerns among immigrant rights advocates and sparked debates about local law enforcement’s role in enforcing federal immigration laws.
The four counties involved are Washington, Waupaca, Winnebago, and Wood. These counties have signed onto the ICE Warrant Service Officer program, a federal initiative that allows sheriff’s deputies to serve immigration-related warrants against individuals suspected of being in the United States illegally. By participating in this program, the counties’ law enforcement agencies are helping to enforce federal immigration policies by targeting undocumented immigrants held in local jails.
This program empowers sheriff’s deputies to act as ICE agents, giving them the authority to hold individuals who are suspected of being undocumented until ICE can take further action. The decision to participate in the program comes after a period of uncertainty in immigration enforcement under the Biden administration. However, this recent surge in participation shows that some counties are aligning themselves with federal efforts to address illegal immigration, especially during the Trump era.
ICE’s Expanding Role in Local Law Enforcement
These four counties join eight other Wisconsin counties that had previously entered into similar agreements with ICE before the inauguration of former President Donald Trump. This brings the total number of Wisconsin counties cooperating with ICE in enforcing immigration laws to a significant number.
Tim Muth, a staff attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Wisconsin, expressed concerns about the potential impact of these agreements on immigrant communities. He explained that the agreements made under the Trump administration were seen as part of a broader effort to deport undocumented immigrants on a larger scale. Muth highlighted that such agreements could lead to more deportations, with countries that had already signed agreements being considered allies of the federal government in this regard.
The Warrant Service Officer program allows local law enforcement to detain individuals for possible deportation even if they have been arrested for minor offenses. This has sparked significant debate, as critics argue that it leads to the targeting of individuals who may be facing low-level charges and haven’t yet had an opportunity to defend themselves in court.
In essence, the program allows ICE to take action on any individual in jail who is suspected of being undocumented, even if their legal issues are unrelated to immigration. This has resulted in concerns about due process and whether individuals are being deported without sufficient legal protection.
Local Concerns and Growing Tensions
Immigrant rights advocates have long argued that local law enforcement should not be involved in immigration enforcement. They believe that such programs undermine public trust in the police, particularly in immigrant communities, where fear of deportation can discourage people from reporting crimes or cooperating with law enforcement. These concerns have been especially heightened in areas where immigrant populations are significant, and many individuals fear that participation in the ICE program may expose them to risks of detention and deportation.

However, supporters of the program argue that it is necessary for the safety and security of communities. They believe that cooperation between local law enforcement and federal agencies like ICE is essential to prevent criminal activity by undocumented individuals. These supporters claim that by participating in the ICE Warrant Service Officer program, counties are fulfilling their duty to enforce the law and protect citizens.
The issue has also become a topic of debate within the state’s legislature. Recently, Republican lawmakers in Wisconsin have pushed for broader participation in such programs, advocating for more county sheriffs to sign agreements with ICE. They argue that counties should be required to verify the citizenship status of individuals arrested for serious offenses and to report those who cannot confirm their legal status to federal authorities. This push has led to the introduction of new legislation that would enforce stricter cooperation between local sheriffs and ICE.
The Impact of Proposed Legislation
The proposed legislation, which has stirred controversy, would require counties to check the immigration status of anyone arrested for felony charges. If someone’s citizenship status cannot be verified, local law enforcement would be required to notify ICE. Additionally, the bill would mandate that sheriffs comply with detainers or administrative warrants from the Department of Homeland Security for individuals held in county jails.
If counties fail to comply with these requirements, they will face significant financial penalties. The bill would cut 15% of the shared revenue payments that counties typically receive from the state. These penalties are meant to encourage compliance and ensure that local law enforcement agencies cooperate with federal immigration enforcement.
The proposed legislation has ignited a firestorm of debate in Wisconsin. Critics argue that the bill could lead to racial profiling, wrongful detentions, and the disruption of families. They also express concerns about the negative effects it could have on local communities, especially those with high immigrant populations. On the other hand, supporters contend that the bill is necessary to secure the state and ensure that illegal immigration does not go unchecked.
A Changing Landscape for Immigrants in Wisconsin
These new developments in Wisconsin highlight the growing role that local law enforcement agencies are playing in federal immigration enforcement. While these agreements with ICE have existed for years, the recent push by some counties to renew and expand cooperation with federal authorities shows how local law enforcement is increasingly involved in immigration issues.
The expansion of these programs raises questions about the future of immigration enforcement in the state and the potential consequences for immigrant communities. As the political landscape continues to shift, these issues are likely to remain central to discussions around immigration policy and law enforcement practices.
For immigrant rights advocates, the latest agreements between Wisconsin counties and ICE are a worrying sign that deportations could increase. They also fear that the expanded participation of local law enforcement agencies in immigration enforcement may exacerbate existing tensions between immigrant communities and the police.
At the same time, these developments show that immigration enforcement remains a key issue for many in Wisconsin’s political landscape. The outcome of ongoing debates in the state legislature will have significant implications for both immigrants and law enforcement agencies in the years to come.
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